Classical Persian Literature

Classical Persian Literature

Analysis and study of Khosrow and Shirin Nezami with the focus on the debate between Khosrow and Farhad, Using the components of Fairclough's critical discourse analysis approach

Document Type : Research Paper

Authors
Hamid Moradi 1
Ahmad Ghanipour Malekshah 2
Morteza Mohseni 3
1 *Ph.D. Student, Department of Persian Language and Literature, Babolsar Faculty of Literature and Humanities, Mazandaran University,Babolsar,Iran.
2 Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran
3 Professor of the Department of Persian Language and Literature, University of Mazandaran, Babolsar, Iran.
10.30465/CPL.2023.8181
Abstract
One of the methods of examining the text is the approach of Fairclough critical discourse analysis, which take into consideration it's situational and discourse context and examine the text at three levels of description, interpretation and explanation. In this article, an attempt is made to study the versified poem of Khosrow and Shirin of Nezami with a critical discourse analysis approach, focusing on the debate between Khosrow and Farhad. In examining the text and at the level of description, we are faced with two types of stances in the form of Farhad and Khosrow debates, which indicate a conflict between the lower and upper classes. At the level of interpretation, the social context indicates the praise of the court institution, as a result of which the ruling ideology appears on the text. At the level of explanation, the text does not seek to confront the dominant ideology but to legitimize it. Finally, the text has reproduced power relations and has tried to establish and maintain it.
Keywords
: Critical Discourse Analysis
Nezami
Khosrow and Shirin Nezami
power Legitimacy

Subjects

  • Agha Golzadeh, Ferdous. (2014). Critical discourse analysis. Third edition. Scientific and cultural publications.
  • Ahmadi, Babak. (2013). From image signs to text. Tehran: Nahr-e-Karzan.
  • Ardani Rezaei, Fazlullah. (2008). Analytical-comparative review of the poems "Khosro and Shirin" and "Laili and Majnoon" by Nizami Ganjavi. Ghanai Literary Journal 1387, No. 11, pp. 87-112.
  • Bahrampour, Shaban Ali. (1993). An introduction to discourse analysis. A collection of essays on discourse and discourse analysis by Mohammad Reza Tajik. Tehran: Farhang Gadman Publications.
  • Bratlo, Fatima. (1401). An introduction to the class division of labor as an expression of the concept of justice in Ferdowsi's Shahnameh. Ancient History of Persian Literature, 13(2), doi: 10.30465/cpl.2023.7383.
  • Dad, Sima. (2008). Dictionary of literary terms, 4th edition. Tehran: Pearl.
  • Fairclough, Norman. (2000). Critical analysis of discourse, translated by Fateme Shaiste Piran and others. Tehran. Media Studies and Research Center.
  • Fatuhi, Mahmoud. (2011). Stylistics (theories, approaches and methods). Tehran: Sokhon Publications.
  • Gerji, Mustafa and others. (2011). "Analysis of the discourse of the novel Gypsy by the fire of Muniro Ravipour", Bahar Sal Adab magazine, fifth year, first issue, 15 consecutive, pp. 79-90.
  • Ghazi Moradi, Hassan. (2008). Dictatorship in Iran; Tehran: Akhtaran, fifth edition.
  • Golzadeh, Ferdous. (2007) "Analysis of critical discourse and literature". literature study First issue: 17-27. 5. Iqbali, Ibrahim. (2004). Comparing the story of Khosrow and Shirin Ferdowsi with Nizami. Persian language and literature research quarterly, new period, third issue, fall and winter 1383, pp. 125-136.
  • Haddadi, Ilham and others. (2011). Discourse and social behavior in the novel Zero Degree Circuit based on Fairclough's discourse analysis model. Literary Review, Year 5, Issue 18, pp. 125-49
  • Helidi, Michael, Hassan, Ruqiya. (2013), language, context and text dimensions of language from the perspective of social semiotics, translated by Mohsen Nobakht, Tehran: Siahroud. First Edition.
  • Kalantari, Abdul Hossein. (2011). Discourse from three linguistic, philosophical and sociological perspectives. Tehran: Sociologists.
  • Karimpour, Nasreen. (2015). "Analysis of economic critical discourse of Khaqani poems". Persian language and literature quarterly, year 24, number 81, fall and winter 2015, pp. 224-255.
  • Khazaneh-Darloo, Mohammad-Ali and Soltani, Behrouz. (2011). The measurement of Khosro and Shirin Nizami with Shirin and Khosro of Ruh-ul-Amin Shahristan. Scientific and research quarterly "Persian language and literature research", number 25, pp. 29-49.
  • Khorrami and Khani, Maryam and Mino. (2016). Analysis of the reflection of painting in the 6th century society with an attitude towards military works. Scientific-research journal of Nazar Institute of Art, Architecture and Urban Planning. No. 51, pp. 70-61.
  • Najafi, Aziza, Abbaszadeh, Khodavirdi, Adel Parvar, Leila. (1400). Critical discourse in the story of the children of Hoshang Moradi Kermani's carpet weaving house (based on Norman Fairclough's theory). Persian Language Studies, 4(7), 157-176. doi: 4/jshd.2021.261318.1058
  • Nizami Ganjavi. (1999). Khosrow and Shirin by Hasan Vahid Dastgardi, third edition.
  • Parisian, ancient. (1994). Seljuqians and Ghazis in Kerman (Afzaluddin Abu Hamed Kermani; written by Mohammad Ebrahim Khabisi; introduction, revision and revision of ancient Parisi. Second edition. Tehran.
  • Qobadi, Hossein Ali and others. (2008) "Analysis of the dominant discourse in Simin Daneshvar's Suvshun novel". Literary Critic Quarterly. Course 2. Number 6: 149-183
  • Ravandi, Muhammad Ali bin Suleiman. (1985). Raha al-Sadour and Ayah al-Suror, revised by Mohammad Iqbal and Mojtaba Minavi. Volume II, Tehran: Amir Kabir Publications
  • Safa, Zabihullah, (1994). "History of Iranian Literature Volume 2". Tehran: Ferdowsi Publications - Majid Publications, 13th edition.
  • Salehi and Parsa, Jila, Seyyed Ahmad Reza (2007). Comparison of Khosrow and Shirin Nizami with Shirin and Farhad Almaskhan Kandolei. Journal of Persian Language and Literature, ninth year, autumn and winter 2017, number 17, pp. 130-15.
  • Shiri, Hero. (2018). The development and evolution of Persian spring prose from the Samani era to the Seljuk period. Tehran. Vera Publications.
  • Sojodi, Farzan, Akbari, Zainab Akbari. (2013). A critical analysis of the discourse of the "authorities" of the Sufi Sheikhs. Ancient History of Persian Literature, 5(4), 73-97. 16. Soltani, Seyed Ali Asghar. (2005). Discourse analysis as a theory and method. Political Science Quarterly. 17. Shamisa, Siros. (1369). Literary types. Tehran.
  • Tabrizi, Mansoura. (2004). Psychological and physical characteristics of women and their roles in romantic relationships in the poems of Ahmad Shamlou, Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. Women's Research, Volume 5, Number 2, Autumn 2016, pp. 109-128.
  • Taghiani and Jafari, Ishaq and Tayyaba. (2009). Mythological and psychological approach to the symbolic birth of Shabdiz in Khosrow and Shirin Nizami. Bostan Adeb, first year of spring 2018, number 1. pp. 120-134.
  • Van Dyke, Theon. (2004). Studies in Discourse Research: From Text Order to Critical Exploration Discourse, translated by the group of translators.
  • Yar Mohammadi, Lotfollah. (2004). Common and critical discourse studies. First Edition. Tehran: HermesJorgensen, Phillips. (2008). Theory and method in discourse analysis. Translated by Hadi Jalili. Tehran: Ney Publishing.
  • Zare, Naser, Blaavi, Rasool, Hashemi Tzangi, Zahra. (2019). Discourse analysis of the novel "War on Egypt" by Youssef Al-Qaid (based on Norman Fairclough's theory of critical discourse analysis). Arabic Language and Literature, 12(1), 147-160. doi: 10.22067/jall.v12.i1.77205.
Classical Persian Literature
Volume 14, Issue 1 - Serial Number 36
Spring & Summer
August 2023
Pages 405-432