مولوی و کازنتزاکیس در ترازوی اندیشه و احساس با تاکید بر ساحت های نفسانی درونی (باورها، احساسات و خواسته ها)

The review and analysis of confrontation/ interaction of thinkers thought and the artistic experience owners is subject that in set of literary researches can be considered –in spite of cultural differs - underlie of better understanding of discourse thinking of authors. Mewlana and Kazantzakis in this ground are two important thinkers of Islam and Christianity world that can be analyzed their texts in various aspects by attitude of comparative. One of the most important attitude, was thought variety in the selfish field especially beliefs, feelings and emotions, desires  ground that present article analyze and scrutinize this problem. Writer in this article analyzed the most significant common elements of texts mewlana and Kazantzakis emphasis on character natures on one hand and the most obvious thoughts, emotions, desires elements on the other hand by analytical- critical method.  The results of this research shows in spite of uncommon attitude, both of them figure on principle of endless prosperity  and happiness and pay attention to selfish ground by life prescriptions by regard to different dimensions.
Key words: Literature psychology- comparative literature- selfish grounds- Mewlana and Kazantzakis

Introduction

From the perspective of intertextual conversational logic, texts play an undeniable role in developing the reader's understanding of a subject. And how often a single topic in the second and third texts could be more effective in developing the reader's understanding than the first text. Therefore, in the comparative study of two great texts, it is possible to review points of similarity and difference of the two text-creator from various aspects. The first three selfish fields, that is, beliefs, feelings and emotions, desires and needs were among the most important areas of investigation that can be considered in intertextual relationships. The central subject of this article is to discover and analyze the comparative aspects of the opinion  of two great thinkers of Islam and Christianity world, Mevlevî and Kazantzakis, that self-love on the one hand and loving all beings on the other hand have repeatedly appeared in their intellectual systems. Anyway, first, in a general view, focusing on the meaning of life, the common features of Mevlevî and Kazantzakis have been considered, and then, regarding to the first three field of selfish, the intellectual system of them has been analyzed in multiple axes.
 

Literature review

With regard to the lack of written research in this field and based on the observation and accuracy, no research was found with the present approach. Of course, in examining the aspects of comparing Mevlevî's thought with other thinkers, numerous and various researches have been carried out, and each of them from a specific point of view has paid attention to the conflict and interaction of Mevlevî's thought with other thinkers and has shown the similarities and differences. Here is some of the most important: 1. Mevlevî and Emerson (Hossein Shajareh, Yaghma, no. 7, ser. 11, 1958) 2. Mevlevî, Surrealism, Rimbaud and Freud (Reza Baraheni, Faculty of Literature, Tabriz University, no. 2, ser. 17, 1955) 3. Tolstoy, Mevlevî of the new era (Mohammad Ali Islami Nodooshan, Yaghma, no. 1 and 2, ser. 27, 1974) 4. Images of Movement in Rumi and Whitman's Poems (Gholam Mohammad Faez, Ketabepazh, no. 5, 1992) 5. Examining the Idea of Excellence   in the Opinion of Rumi and Jaspers (Jameeleh Alam Al-Hoda, Nameh Farhang, no. 23, ser. 6, 1996) 6. Mevlevî and Blake Are Two Sympathizers (Sohila Salahi Moghadam, Faculty of Humanities, Al-Zahra University, no. 26-7, ser. 8, 1998).

Dissuasion and Conclusion

Examining the intellectual system of thinkers in the logic of conversational texts is a part of cultural and literary deliberations, which apart from discovering the intellectual roots of schools, people and nations, is effective and useful in reaching to a kind of intercultural understanding and conflicts. With regard to the initial problem of the research on the relationship between the intellectual system of two influential figures in the history of world literature, namely, Mevlevî and Kazantzakis, one of the most important hypotheses of the research was that the second field (feelings and emotions) along with the first field (ideological - epistemological) according to the viewpoint of thinkers such as Spinoza, James and Damasio, it is considered the most prominent field among the human selfish fields, whose examination and analysis is the indicator and interpreter of the external selfish fields. The analysis of these two areas, along with the third area (set of wants and needs) in the collection of important texts related to Mevlevî and Kazantzakis, showed that despite the differences in views in the biological and behavioral areas, which are the result of cultural and discourse differences, these two thinkers are very close in at least five characteristics in the external fields (actions and speech), the most important of which are complete belief in the unconscious mind as a necessary condition for understanding existence, the unity of existence of the Spinozian type, specific belief and care to two prominent thinkers named Shams and Zorba, who have no peer in the history of world literature. But the most important point in the examination of the second field as the most important deliberative selfish field is the emphasis of both on a kind of unending happiness as the most important psychological desire and human happiness, which the examination of the texts related to Mevlevî and Kazantzakis confirmed this claim. In addition to this common feature, in the discussion related to the second field, that is, the field of feeling, emotion and excitement, both of these thinkers have emphasized the role of two fundamental emotions, namely happiness and sadness, and two non-fundamental emotions, namely love and hate, which the analysis of the collection of writing and speech of them showed that the greatest emotion and excitement that overcomes them is Love for ideals and a kind of deep compassion combined with empathy and sympathy for all human beings. The other hypothesis in this research was that due to the deep influence of the second field (feelings and emotions) on the first field (beliefs and convictions) and that both of two thinkers emphasized a kind of endless happiness; In the system of their beliefs, they have commonalities in areas such as twin doubts about religious propositions, belief in unity and a kind of pantheism, belief in a kind of epistemological pluralism and non-exclusivity of truth, attention to self-awareness, death-thinking, death-consciousness, and sin-consciousness has been proven. Besides, these two thinkers, in the third fields, due to the similarities in the first and second fields, follow a common intellectual system and emphasize a kind of Stoicism and present thinking.